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基于STM32的大功率LED陣列高精度制冷控制系統(tǒng)

2021年電子技術(shù)應(yīng)用第9期

錢依凡，薛凌云，洪哲揚(yáng)

杭州電子科技大學(xué) 自動(dòng)化學(xué)院，浙江杭州310018

摘要： LED結(jié)溫動(dòng)態(tài)嚴(yán)重影響其光學(xué)特性變化規(guī)律，針對(duì)大功率LED陣列散熱需求，利用半導(dǎo)體制冷器(Thermoelectric Cooler，TEC)設(shè)計(jì)一套制冷控制系統(tǒng)。開(kāi)關(guān)電源易產(chǎn)生較強(qiáng)電磁干擾，設(shè)計(jì)具有快響應(yīng)時(shí)間、高穩(wěn)定度特點(diǎn)的可編程線性電源驅(qū)動(dòng)TEC穩(wěn)定工作。針對(duì)常規(guī)線性PID對(duì)具有非線性特征的TEC制冷控制系統(tǒng)存在快速性和超調(diào)量難以兼得的問(wèn)題，于STM32嵌入式實(shí)現(xiàn)模糊RBF神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)PID控制，并用6×3 W大功率LED陣列進(jìn)行測(cè)試，實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果證明相比于常規(guī)線性PID控制，調(diào)節(jié)時(shí)間縮短，超調(diào)量減少，溫度波動(dòng)僅為±0.1 ℃，該系統(tǒng)在保持大功率LED陣列工作環(huán)境溫度穩(wěn)定的同時(shí)可提升其輸出光效。

關(guān)鍵詞： STM32 大功率LED陣列半導(dǎo)體制冷器模糊RBF神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)PID

中圖分類號(hào)： TP273；TN364+.2；TB69
文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼： A
DOI：10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.211353
中文引用格式： 錢依凡，薛凌云，洪哲揚(yáng). 基于STM32的大功率LED陣列高精度制冷控制系統(tǒng)[J].電子技術(shù)應(yīng)用，2021，47(9)：75-81.
英文引用格式： Qian Yifan，Xue Lingyun，Hong Zheyang. High-power LED array high-precision refrigeration control system based on STM32[J]. Application of Electronic Technique，2021，47(9)：75-81.

High-power LED array high-precision refrigeration control system based on STM32

Qian Yifan，Xue Lingyun，Hong Zheyang

School of Automation，Hangzhou Dianzi University，Hangzhou 310018，China

Abstract： The dynamics of the LED junction temperature seriously affect the changing laws of its optical characteristics. Aiming at the heat dissipation requirements of high-power LED arrays, a refrigeration control system is designed using thermoelectric cooler.Switching power supplies are prone to strong electromagnetic interference, a programmable linear power supply with fast response time and high stability is designed to drive TEC to work stably.Aiming at the problem that conventional linear PID has difficulty in achieving both rapidity and overshoot for the TEC refrigeration control system with nonlinear characteristics, this system is embedded in STM32 to realize fuzzy RBF neural network PID control, uses 6×3 W high-power LED array for testing, the experiment results proved that compared with the conventional linear PID control, the TEC refrigeration control system has shortened the adjustment time, reduced the overshoot, and the temperature fluctuation is only ±0.1 ℃. The refrigeration control system can improve the output light efficiency while maintaining the stable working environment temperature of the high-power LED array.

Key words : STM32；high-power LED array；thermoelectric cooler；fuzzy RBF neural network PID

0 引言

LED以其小體積、高亮度、長(zhǎng)壽命、節(jié)能環(huán)保、可DC供電與調(diào)光等優(yōu)勢(shì)被廣泛應(yīng)用于各種指示、顯示以及照明系統(tǒng)中。限于當(dāng)前材料、封裝和工藝等技術(shù)水平，LED量子效率低，在工作過(guò)程中會(huì)產(chǎn)生大量的熱^[1]。由多顆LED組成的大功率LED陣列不僅表現(xiàn)為單顆LED產(chǎn)熱嚴(yán)重且LED間相互耦合，其散熱問(wèn)題更加突出。隨著LED研究與應(yīng)用的深入，LED陣列中LED功率和集成度亦隨之增加，其單位面積上所產(chǎn)生的熱量愈來(lái)愈多，若非在重量和尺寸上指數(shù)增加，單純依靠被動(dòng)散熱已無(wú)法及時(shí)散發(fā)大功率LED陣列熱量^[2]，由此導(dǎo)致LED陣列熱沉溫升問(wèn)題嚴(yán)重影響LED陣列的光學(xué)性能與可靠性，如發(fā)光效率降低、波長(zhǎng)偏移、顏色偏移、壽命縮短等^[3-5]，而良好的制冷控制不僅能保持LED陣列工作環(huán)境溫度的穩(wěn)定，更能提高LED的發(fā)光效率。

半導(dǎo)體制冷器(Thermoelectric Cooler，TEC)結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，具有熱慣性小、制冷速度快、體小質(zhì)輕、易于調(diào)控、壽命長(zhǎng)、無(wú)噪聲、無(wú)污染等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，應(yīng)用范圍廣泛且非常適合應(yīng)用于微型制冷領(lǐng)域，如激光器、醫(yī)療器械和空間飛行器上的儀器設(shè)備冷卻等^[6-7]。TEC驅(qū)動(dòng)電源大致發(fā)展為開(kāi)關(guān)電源和線性電源，開(kāi)關(guān)電源具有轉(zhuǎn)換效率高的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，但易產(chǎn)生較強(qiáng)的電磁干擾；線性電源的電磁干擾小，輸出電壓電流紋波小^[8]，設(shè)計(jì)線性電源驅(qū)動(dòng)TEC可使其工作更穩(wěn)定。

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作者信息：

錢依凡，薛凌云，洪哲揚(yáng)

(杭州電子科技大學(xué) 自動(dòng)化學(xué)院，浙江杭州310018)

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